Ubuntuのdockerインストール手順
Ubuntuでは、dockerコマンドをインストールする手順は以下の通りです。
参考）Get Docker Engine – Community for Ubuntu | Docker Documentation
$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - $ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88 $ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
実行ログは以下の通り。
$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done No apt package "docker", but there is a snap with that name. Try "snap install docker" E: Unable to locate package docker E: Unable to locate package docker-engine E: Unable to locate package docker.io E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'docker.io' E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'docker.io' E: Unable to locate package containerd E: Unable to locate package runc # 旧バージョンはインストールされていなかったので、エラーになっています。 $ sudo apt-get update Hit:1 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Get:2 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB] Get:3 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB] Get:4 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [10.2 kB] Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB] Get:6 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [8570 kB] Get:7 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe Translation-en [4941 kB] Get:8 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic/partner amd64 Packages [2316 B] Get:9 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages [151 kB] Get:10 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse Translation-en [108 kB] Get:11 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic/partner Translation-en [1276 B] Get:12 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [799 kB] Get:13 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main Translation-en [283 kB] Get:14 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [21.9 kB] Get:15 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted Translation-en [6128 B] Get:16 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1028 kB] Get:17 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe Translation-en [317 kB] Get:18 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [8520 B] Get:19 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse Translation-en [4044 B] Get:20 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main amd64 Packages [2512 B] Get:21 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main Translation-en [1644 B] Get:22 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages [4028 B] Get:23 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe Translation-en [1856 B] Get:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [575 kB] Get:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main Translation-en [190 kB] Get:26 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages [13.2 kB] Get:27 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted Translation-en [4292 B] Get:28 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [622 kB] Get:29 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe Translation-en [208 kB] Get:30 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [5904 B] Get:31 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse Translation-en [2568 B] Fetched 18.1 MB in 4s (4607 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done $ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done ca-certificates is already the newest version (20180409). ca-certificates set to manually installed. curl is already the newest version (7.58.0-2ubuntu3.8). curl set to manually installed. software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.32.11). software-properties-common set to manually installed. The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: grub-pc-bin libnuma1 Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following NEW packages will be installed: apt-transport-https gnupg-agent 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 30 not upgraded. Need to get 6572 B of archives. After this operation, 196 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 apt-transport-https all 1.6.12 [1692 B] Get:2 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 gnupg-agent all 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2 [4880 B] Fetched 6572 B in 0s (143 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https. (Reading database ... 60083 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.6.12_all.deb ... Unpacking apt-transport-https (1.6.12) ... Selecting previously unselected package gnupg-agent. Preparing to unpack .../gnupg-agent_2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2_all.deb ... Unpacking gnupg-agent (2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2) ... Setting up apt-transport-https (1.6.12) ... Setting up gnupg-agent (2.2.4-1ubuntu1.2) ... $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - OK $ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88 pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA] 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88 uid [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com> sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S] $ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" Hit:1 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:2 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease Hit:3 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease Hit:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease Get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic InRelease [64.4 kB] Hit:6 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Get:7 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages [9852 B] Fetched 74.3 kB in 1s (134 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done $ sudo apt-get update Hit:1 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:2 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease Hit:3 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease Hit:4 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease Hit:6 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Reading package lists... Done $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: grub-pc-bin libnuma1 Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount libltdl7 pigz The following NEW packages will be installed: aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount containerd.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli libltdl7 pigz 0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 30 not upgraded. Need to get 85.5 MB of archives. After this operation, 384 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 pigz amd64 2.4-1 [57.4 kB] Get:2 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1 [104 kB] Get:3 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6320 B] Get:4 http://us-central1.gce.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.6-2 [38.8 kB] Get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 containerd.io amd64 1.2.10-3 [20.0 MB] Get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce-cli amd64 5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [42.5 MB] Get:7 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic [22.8 MB] Fetched 85.5 MB in 4s (23.2 MB/s) Selecting previously unselected package pigz. (Reading database ... 60091 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../0-pigz_2.4-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking pigz (2.4-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools. Preparing to unpack .../1-aufs-tools_1%3a4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount. Preparing to unpack .../2-cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ... Unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ... Selecting previously unselected package containerd.io. Preparing to unpack .../3-containerd.io_1.2.10-3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1) ... Selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount. Preparing to unpack .../2-cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ... Unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ... Selecting previously unselected package containerd.io. Preparing to unpack .../3-containerd.io_1.2.10-3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking containerd.io (1.2.10-3) ... Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce-cli. Preparing to unpack .../4-docker-ce-cli_5%3a19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic_amd64.deb ... Unpacking docker-ce-cli (5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ... Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce. Preparing to unpack .../5-docker-ce_5%3a19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic_amd64.deb ... Unpacking docker-ce (5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ... Selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../6-libltdl7_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ... Setting up aufs-tools (1:4.9+20170918-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up containerd.io (1.2.10-3) ... Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/containerd.service → /lib/systemd/system/containerd.service. Setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ... Setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ... Setting up docker-ce-cli (5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ... Setting up pigz (2.4-1) ... Setting up docker-ce (5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ... Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /lib/systemd/system/docker.service. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket → /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket. Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.31) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-21) ...
Ubuntuでdoockerインストール／設定
dockerコマンドでpermission denied
dockerのバージョンを表示する、docker versionコマンドを実行すると権限がない（permission denied）エラーになります。
$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 19.03.5
API version: 1.40
Go version: go1.12.12
Git commit: 633a0ea838
Built: Wed Nov 13 07:29:52 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
Got permission denied while trying to connect to the Docker daemon socket at unix:///var/run/docker.sock: Get http://%2Fvar%2Frun%2Fdock
er.sock/v1.40/version: dial unix /var/run/docker.sock: connect: permission denied
エラーメッセージから、ソケット通信に使うファイル「/var/run/docker.sock」の書き込み権限がないようです。
以下のコマンドを実行すると、一般ユーザ権限でdockerを実行できます。
$ sudo groupadd docker
$ sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker
$ newgrp docker
$ sudo chgrp docker /var/run/docker.sock
$ sudo systemctl restart docker.service
実行するとこうなります。
$ sudo groupadd docker
groupadd: group 'docker' already exists
#グループはすでに作られていたのでエラーが出ています。
$ sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker
Adding user zenryokuhp to group docker
$ newgrp docker
$ sudo chgrp docker /var/run/docker.sock
$ sudo systemctl restart docker.service
改めてdocker versionを実行すると、permission deniedが出なくなりました。
$ docker version Client: Docker Engine - Community Version: 19.03.5 API version: 1.40 Go version: go1.12.12 Git commit: 633a0ea838 Built: Wed Nov 13 07:29:52 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false Server: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 19.03.5 API version: 1.40 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.12.12 Git commit: 633a0ea838 Built: Wed Nov 13 07:28:22 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false containerd: Version: 1.2.10 GitCommit: b34a5c8af56e510852c35414db4c1f4fa6172339 runc: Version: 1.0.0-rc8+dev GitCommit: 3e425f80a8c931f88e6d94a8c831b9d5aa481657 docker-init: Version: 0.18.0 GitCommit: fec3683
docker起動に必要なコマンドの使い方を解説
実行しているコマンドの内容は以下の通りです。
$ sudo groupadd docker
OSのユーザグループにdockerを追加する
$ sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker
現在のユーザwodockerグループに追加する
$ newgrp docker
現在のユーザのグループをdockerに変更
$ sudo chgrp docker /var/run/docker.sock
dockerがsocket通信で使用している/var/run/docker.sockファイルのグループをdockerに変更
$ sudo systemctl restart docker.dockerd
dockerサービスを再起動